热门课程:
-
- 课程详细介绍
-
英语句子的倒装培训
关键字:外语培训|外语培训机构|外语培训机构
学校价格:¥电话咨询 网上优惠价:¥可享团购价 关注度:1868人 总课时:电话咨询 开班日期:滚动式开班 上课时段:周末班、晚班、平时班 授课学校:纳斯多语种教育培训机构 上课地点:汕头市长平路新城市广场 倒装(Inversion)是1种语法手段,用以表示1定句子结构的需要和强调某1句子成分的需要。英语的*基本结构是主、谓结构,倒装就是将这种比较固定的结构加以颠倒。倒装有两种:将主语和谓语完全颠倒过来,叫做完全倒装(pleteInversion)。如:In came a man with a white beard. 只将助动词(包括情态动词)移至主语之前,叫做部分倒装(PartialInversion)。如:0nly once was John late to class.英语句子的倒装1是由于语法结构的需要而进行的倒装,2是由于修辞的需要而进行的倒装。前1种情况,倒装是必须的,否则就会出现语法错误;后1种情况,倒装是选择性的,倒装与否只会产生表达效果上的差异。下面本文就拟从其修辞功能谈谈倒装句的用法。1、 表示强调:倒装句*突出、*常见的修辞效果就是强调,其表现形式如下:1. only +状语或状语从句置于句首,句子用部分倒装。例1:0nly in this way can you solve this problem. 只有用这种方法,你才可以解决这个问题。例2:0nly after he had spoken out the word did he realize he hadmade a big mistake.只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。2. not,little,hardly,scarcely,no more,no longer,in noway,never,seldom,not only,no sooner等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首,句子用部分倒装。例1: No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 我刚到家就下起了雨。例2: Seldom do I go to work by bus. 我很少乘公共汽车上班。3. so / such.that结构中的so或such位于句首可以构成部分倒装句,表示强调so /such和that之间的部分。例1:So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled. 他的要价太离谱,令每个人都瞠目结舌。例2:To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actorswalked out. 她的彩排进行得那么长,以致于那两个演员都走出去了。以上各例都用倒装语序突出了句首成分,其语气较自然语序强烈,因而具有极佳的修辞效果。2、 承上启下有时倒装可把前1句说到的人或物,或与前1句有的人或物在下1句紧接着先说出来,从而使前后两句在意思上的关系更加清楚,衔接更加紧密,起到承上启下的作用。例1: They broke into her uncles bedroom and found the man lyingon the floor, dead. Around his head was a brown snake. 他们破门进入她叔叔的卧室,发现他躺在地板上死了。1条棕褐色的蛇缠在他头上。例2: We really should not resent being called paupers. Paupers weare, and paupers we shall remain. 我们确实不应因为被称作穷光蛋而愤愤不平。我们的确是穷光蛋,而且还会继续是穷光蛋。3、 制造悬念,渲染气氛在新闻或文学创作中,有时为了内容的需要,或是为了强调,作者常常运用倒装来制造悬念,渲染气氛。如:Hanging on the wall was a splendid painting. 墙上挂着1幅精美的图画。再如朗费罗(Longfellow)《雪花》中的1节:0ut of the bosom of the Air,0ut of the cloud-folds of her garments shaken,0ver the woodlands brown and bare,0ver the harvest-fields forsaken,Silent, and soft, and slow,Descends the snow.在这1节诗里 ,诗人就富有创意地运用了倒装。在前5行中 ,诗人堆砌了7个状语,状语连续出现而主语和谓语却迟迟未露 ,造成1种悬念效应。全节读罢 ,读者才对诗歌的主题恍然大悟 ,因而收到了不同凡响的艺术效果。4、 平衡结构英语修辞的1个重要原则是尾重原则,即把句子*复杂的成分放在句尾以保持句子平衡。在语言使用中为了避免产生头重脚轻、结构不平衡的句子,我们常采用倒装语序。1. 以作状语的介词短语开头:当主语较长或主语所带修饰语较长时,为了使句子平衡,常将状语置于句首,句子用完全倒装语序。例1:A. To the coal mine came a -pany of PLA soldiers withorders from the headquarters to rescue the trapped miners.B. A pany of PLA soldiers came to the coal mine with ordersfrom the headquarters to rescue the trapped miners.1个连队的解放军战士来到了那座煤矿,奉司令部之命解救受困的矿工。例2:A. 0n the ground lay some air conditioners, which are to beshipped to some other cities.B. Some air conditioners lay on the ground, which are to beshipped to some other cities.